Jeffrie G. Murphy is Regents’ Professor of Law, Philosophy, and Religious Studies at Arizona State University. He is a past president of the American Philosophical Association and presented the 2010 Stanton Lectures to the Divinity Faculty at the University of Cambridge. His books include Punishment and the Moral Emotions (2012) and Getting Even: Forgiveness and Its Limits (2003).
Since some hatred seems universal among human beings, the emotion probably was once evolutionarily advantageous.
The greatest obstacle to believing in human dignity is to be found in the actual history of human behavior.